MAMLUK DYNASTY

 

     

          The Mamluk dynasty is one of the strangest events in the history of the world, organized by slaves from all walks of life. It was organized by slaves who were imported by the caliphs from different countries. The founder of the Mamluk dynasty was Shajar al-Durd, a woman who was a slave of Caliph al-Mustasim. Mahathir, a Turk, gave birth to a child in Salih, of Ayub descent, and was freed. With the demise of her husband Salih, Shajar rose to power in Egypt. Their reign lasted about two and a half months. They were able to see a lot of activity in this short period of time. They were notable for smashing coins and so on.

      Izzuddin Ibn Bakr was elected the next ruler of Egypt. With that, Shajar adorned his wife's position and tried to maintain control over the administration. Shajar kills him when he learns that Ibak is trying for another marriage. Knowing this, his other wives also killed Shajar.

      Ibn Bakr (1250-1257) was the first sultan of the Mamluk dynasty. The later Mamluk sultans belonged to two groups, the Bahri and the Burji. Bieber al-Bundukhdari (1260-1277) was the most eminent ruler of the Mamluk dynasty. He was a slave of Ayub Assalih and gradually grew up and took over the government. He was not only a ruler but also a public figure and a social reformer. That is why he is even described as the founder of the Mamluk government. During his time, he was able to change the face of ancient Egypt through numerous construction works and beautification. Educational institutions and churches named after him can still be seen there.

      Another notable ruler in this series is Sultan Saifuddin Khalawun (1279-1290). His inauguration came after the removal of Bibers' youngest son. Later, AD. In 1240, al-Ashraf, son of Sultan Khalawun, came to power. Ashraf's brother Al Nasir later came to power. He has been in power for three terms and is the longest-serving Mamluki ruler. It was during his time that the Mongols invaded and invaded Egypt.

     Nasir was a man of great luxury and a man of luxury. He did this by utilizing the wealth of the public treasury. As the treasury emptied and the financial crisis deepened, he imposed additional taxes on the people and disbursed the money. He cheated again and enjoyed life. It was these arrogant attitudes and misguided attitudes of Sultan Nasir that led to the fall of the Mamluk regime. This period of extreme poverty and economic hardship is considered to be the darkest chapter in the history of Egypt.

      The Mamluk rulers were unable to make great strides in the field of education and culture due to the shortcomings of the administration. However, there have been many brilliant contributions in some different areas these days. The most important fields are medicine and astronomy. Some of their own imprints can also be found in the field of sociology.